Publications

EO and GNSS Market Report – January 2022

Client: European GNSS Agency
Published: January, 2022

The European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) and the European Commission (EC) welcome all readers to this first issue of the EUSPA EO and GNSS Market Report. Following two previous issues of the Copernicus Market Report by the EC and six previous issues of the EUSPA GNSS Market Report, this EO and GNSS Market Report combines the market and application insights of both into a single […]

Exporting to the World: EU Regions and Trade Explores the Impact of International Exports on Regional Employment and Production of Goods and Services Across the EU – December 2021

Client: American Chamber of Commerce to the EU (AmCham EU)
Published: December, 2021

The report outlines worldwide trends in international trade and global value chains as well as briefly discusses the impact of COVID-19. It reviews how exports contribute to the growth of the EU economy, provides detailed analysis reflecting the diversity of EU regions and puts forward a number of recommendations for action at local, national and […]

Assessing Impact of a Flat and Variable Deposit Fee for Romanian Deposit Return Scheme – December 2021

Client: alucro-romania
Published: December, 2021

As countries seek to reduce waste and boost recycling, many are considering Deposit Return Schemes for drinks packaging. Designs vary from fixed to variable deposits. LE’s study on the design of a Deposit Return Scheme in Romania illustrates that countries should consider carefully the design features of these schemes. The summary report can be downloaded […]

Best Practices and Performance of Auto-enrolment Mechanisms for Pension Savings – December 2021

Client: EC DG for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union (FISMA)
Published: December, 2021

Automatic enrolment (also referred to as auto-enrolment) is a mechanism that encourages pension saving by enrolling individuals into a pension scheme unless they actively choose to opt-out. This study identifies and evaluates 32 best practices for the design of auto-enrolment pension schemes, informed by an in-depth qualitative and quantitative assessment of pension schemes in selected […]

Regulation Reform Recommendations for Professional Business Services – July 2021

Client: EC DG Competition
Published: July, 2021

As part of a larger project for the European Commission’s DG GROW, evaluating competition in the professional business services markets, LE Europe produced a range of indicators on the extent of competition and market-based outcomes to help support the Commission’s Reform Recommendations into Regulations in Professional Business Services (PBS). The range of indicators include firm […]

A Pandemic’s Worth of Change – June 2021

Client: webloyalty
Published: June, 2021

London Economics and Webloyalty reveal the top consumer trends formed during the pandemic which are here to stay and how behavioural economics can help your firm thrive post-pandemic.

Support Study Accompanying the Commission Notice on the Evaluation of the Definition of Relevant Market for the Purposes of Community Competition Law – June 2021

Client: EC DG Competition
Published: June, 2021

The purpose of this study was to assist the Commission in the evaluation of the functioning of the Market Definition Notice in order to assess whether developments since 1997 merit an update of the Notice. In order to support DG COMP’s evaluation of the effectiveness, efficiency and relevance of the Market Definition Notice, the study […]

Consumers’ Engagement in the Circular Economy: Results from a Large-scale Behavioural Experiment and Survey in the EU

Client: EC Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (JUST)
Published: May, 2021

This paper, by LE Europe consultants James Suter and Wouter Landzaat, written with Annette Ceruli-Harms and Sara Kettner, explores consumers’ engagement in the circular economy based on results from a large-scale behavioural experiment and survey in the EU, which LE Europe conducted for EC DG Justice and Consumers. A copy of the proceedings, and the […]

Evaluation Support Study on Applicable to Horizontal the EU Competition Rules Co-operation Agreements in the Horizontal Block Exemption Regulations and the Guidelines – May 2021

Client: EC DG Competition
Published: May, 2021

The objective of this study was to provide support to DG COMP’s evaluation of Regulations (EC) No 1217/2010 and 1218/2010 (referred to as the HBERs), and of the Commission’s Guidelines on the Applicability of Article 101 TFEU to Horizontal Cooperation Agreements, taking into account the specific objectives of the legal framework as well as new […]